Land is commonly defined as the solid, dry surface of Earth.
Since warm air rises, this generates winds, though Earth's rotation and uneven sun distribution also play a part. About 30 percent of land has a dry climate, due to losing more water through evaporation than it gains from precipitation. At high elevations or latitudes, snow is compacted and recrystallized over hundreds or thousands of years to form glaciers, which can be so heavy that they warp the Earth's crust.
Streams – a major part of Earth's water cycle – shape the landscape, carve rocks, transport sediments, and replenish groundwater. Both form over millions of years through plate tectonics. In physical geology, the land is divided into two major categories: Mountain ranges and relatively flat interiors called cratons. Land terrain varies greatly, consisting of mountains, deserts, plains, plateaus, glaciers, and other landforms. Land between bodies of water at Point Reyes National Seashore, California
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